Drugs Xagena
The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use ( CHMP ) of the European Medicines Agency ( EMA ) has adopted a positive opinion recommending marketing authorisation in the European Union for the use of Stelara ( Ustekinumab ) for the treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease who have had an inadequate response with, lost response to, or were intolerant to either conventional therapy or a tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-alpha ) antagonist or have medical contraindications to such therapies.
Ustekinumab offers people with Crohn’s disease a new treatment option to induce and maintain remission of their disease symptoms.
The CHMP adopted the opinion based on data from three pivotal phase 3 trials which included approximately 1,400 patients with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease:
UNITI-1 demonstrated significantly higher rates of clinical response at week 6 for Ustekinumab treatment groups compared with the placebo group ( p=0.003 ) in patients who had failed on TNF-alpha antagonist therapies.
The major secondary endpoints of clinical remission at week 8 and clinical response at week 8 were each also significantly higher with IV Ustekinumab induction versus IV placebo ( p less than 0.001 for each ).
Clinical response was defined as a reduction from baseline in the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index ( CDAI ) score of greater than or equal to 100 points or being in clinical remission.
Clinical remission was defined as the CDAI less than 150.
The CDAI is a symptom-based disease assessment tool that quantifies symptoms of Crohn’s disease and measures improvement with treatment.
UNITI-2 also demonstrated significantly greater clinical response at week 6 with IV Ustekinumab induction compared to IV placebo ( p less than 0.001 ) in a population of patients who had previously failed conventional therapy, but who had not previously failed TNF-alpha antagonist therapies.
The secondary endpoints of clinical remission and response at week 8 were also each both significantly higher in the Ustekinumab groups compared to placebo ( p less than 0.001 in each ).
IM-UNITI studied maintenance in patients who achieved clinical response 8 weeks after a single IV infusion of Ustekinumab in the UNITI-1 and UNITI-2 phase 3 induction studies.
IM-UNITI showed that a significantly greater proportion of patients in the subcutaneous Ustekinumab maintenance groups was in clinical remission at week 44 versus placebo ( p=0.005 in every 8 week and p=0.040 in every 12 week groups; primary endpoint ).
Clinical response at week 44 was also significantly greater with both regimens versus placebo at week 44. Other major secondary endpoints of clinical remission at week 44 among patients in remission after induction and corticosteroid-free remission were significantly greater for every 8 week Ustekinumab maintenance versus placebo.
Ustekinumab was generally well tolerated as an induction and maintenance therapy in all three studies, and the safety profile of Ustekinumab in the Crohn’s disease clinical development program remained consistent with the established safety profile of Ustekinumab based upon current labelled indications.
In the induction studies ( UNITI-1 and UNITI-2 ), through week 8 ( placebo-controlled period ), adverse events, serious adverse events and infections were reported in similar proportions across Ustekinumab and placebo treatment groups.
Through week 44 ( placebo-controlled period ) in the maintenance study ( IM-UNITI ), adverse events were reported in similar proportions across Ustekinumab and placebo treatment groups, the majority of which were related to gastrointestinal disorders, such as abdominal pain and diarrhoea, and infections / infestations, of which, nasopharyngitis and upper respiratory infection were the most common.
Severe adverse effects occurred in 10%, 12% and 15% of patients receiving Ustekinumab 90 mg subcutaneously every 8 weeks, Ustekinumab 90 mg subcutaneously every 12 weeks and placebo, respectively; 2%, 5% and 2% of patients reported serious infections in these respective groups.
Through the 8-week induction and 44-week maintenance phases ( representing 1 year total of therapy ), no deaths or major adverse cardiovascular events were reported.
Only two randomised patients reported malignancies ( one case of basal cell carcinoma in the subcutaneous placebo group and another in the subcutaneous Ustekinumab every 8 weeks group ).
Ustekinumab, a human IL-12 and IL-23 antagonist, is approved in the European Union for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adults who failed to respond to, or who have a contraindication to, or are intolerant to other systemic therapies including Ciclosporin, Methotrexate or Psoralen plus ultraviolet A.
Ustekinumab is also indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adolescent patients from the age of 12 years and older who are inadequately controlled by or are intolerant to other systemic therapies or phototherapies.
In addition, Ustekinumab is approved alone or in combination with Methotrexate for the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis in adult patients when the response to previous non-biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy has been inadequate. ( Xagena2016 )
Source: Janssen, 2016
XagenaMedicine_2016
